- 目錄
第1篇 天壇中英雙語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞
天壇位于北京城區(qū)的東南部，原是明、清兩代皇帝祭天、祈谷的圣地。北京天壇是明朝永樂(lè)皇帝建成的祭天圣壇，也是我國(guó)現(xiàn)存最大的一處壇廟建筑。下面是小編為你帶來(lái)的天壇中英雙語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞，歡迎參考!
天壇中文導(dǎo)游詞
各位游客，我們今天所要參觀的就是以前皇帝祭天的地方——天壇。
明朝永樂(lè)皇帝遷都北京以后，在北京南城仿照南京的大祀殿建立了這作用于祭天的圣壇，占地面積達(dá)到了273萬(wàn)平方米。主建筑是大祀殿，也就是今天祈年殿的位置上。天壇有外壇墻和內(nèi)壇墻，北面是圓形，南面是方形，取意天圓地方。在一開(kāi)始，祭天和祭地都是天壇，直到明嘉靖年間在北城修建了地壇，才分開(kāi)的，并且新增了圜丘壇，用于孟冬祭天，把原來(lái)的大祀殿改為大享殿，專門用于孟春祈谷，當(dāng)時(shí)殿宇屋頂已經(jīng)是三重檐了，從上至下的藍(lán)黃綠三色瓦分別代表了天地萬(wàn)物。而在乾隆年間，有將大享殿改為現(xiàn)在的祈年殿，而將屋頂瓦片都改成了藍(lán)色的琉璃瓦。從而形成了今天我們所看到的這個(gè)世界上最大的祭天建筑群。
可是這樣一個(gè)祭天圣地，卻也曾經(jīng)在1860年時(shí)遭到英法聯(lián)軍的洗劫，繼而在1920xx年的時(shí)候又遭到了八國(guó)聯(lián)軍的蹂躪。在1920xx年袁世凱登基的時(shí)候也曾經(jīng)在天壇上演了一出祭天的鬧劇。在1920xx年，天壇最終還是以公園開(kāi)放。解放以后天壇不僅成了著名的旅游景點(diǎn)，而且還是北京城市綠地的組成部分，來(lái)這里的不光是旅游者，還不乏一些專門為了強(qiáng)身健體的老人們。
現(xiàn)在就讓我們沿著當(dāng)年皇帝登壇的路線開(kāi)始此次游覽。
說(shuō)完了神壇的奇妙，我在給您介紹一下祭天大典的盛況。到了每年的冬至，皇帝就要在這里祭天。在大典前兩天，皇帝要在故宮里進(jìn)行齋戒，而到了第三天，也就是冬至前一天，就要到天壇的齋宮進(jìn)行齋戒。冬至那天，在日出前七刻，現(xiàn)在的凌晨四點(diǎn)多，奏報(bào)時(shí)辰，皇帝起駕，齋宮東北角的鐘樓開(kāi)始鳴鐘。到具服臺(tái)盥洗更衣，神牌都送到臺(tái)面相應(yīng)的位置，也就是七組神位，稱作七幄;在圜丘前燔柴爐上放一只牛犢，用松枝燔燒，西南的望燈桿望燈高懸，點(diǎn)燃蟠龍通宵寶蠟，臺(tái)南廣場(chǎng)上排列著奏樂(lè)隊(duì)，配合著中和韶樂(lè)，在文武百官的陪同下，祭天大典就正式開(kāi)始了，皇帝由南欞星左門登壇，這時(shí)鐘聲停止，到了第二層南側(cè)拜位站好后，聽(tīng)候司贊人報(bào)儀程。恭讀至皇天上帝的祝文。禮儀結(jié)束以后，要將神位前的貢品分別送到燔柴爐(從正位幄次撤下的祭品再次焚燒，皇帝也要一旁恭立目視，稱為望燎)和燎爐(圜丘壇共有12座燎爐，在瘞坎北側(cè)，從東向西排列著8個(gè);內(nèi)圍護(hù)墻東西欞星門外各有一對(duì)。從配位幄次車下的祭品分別送到8個(gè)燎爐內(nèi)焚燒，而四個(gè)從位幄次的祭品送到欞星門處)焚燒，煙霧騰空，象征著送到天庭。而后還要將牛尾、牛毛、牛血送到瘞坎掩埋，象征不忘祖先茹毛飲血之意。在這個(gè)典禮上，需要特別提到的是皇帝恭讀祝文所站立的地方，就是剛才所說(shuō)的臺(tái)面中心天心石。他是天壇三大聲學(xué)現(xiàn)象之一。在這里朗讀的時(shí)候聲音特別洪亮，而且現(xiàn)在這里也是一樣的，各位游客不妨體會(huì)一下這奇特的效果，也像當(dāng)年的皇帝一樣，向上天訴說(shuō)自己美好的愿望。
現(xiàn)在咱們繼續(xù)沿著中軸線行走，面前的建筑叫做天庫(kù)，而它的正殿就是皇穹宇?；蜀酚罱ㄓ诿骷尉妇拍?，起初叫做泰神殿，到了十七年，改名為現(xiàn)在的皇穹宇，它的作用就是在平日存放圜丘壇祭祀主神的地方，所以這里也叫圜丘壇寢宮。殿內(nèi)正面的圓形石臺(tái)上安放的就是皇天上帝的神牌，而前邊兩側(cè)的四個(gè)方形石臺(tái)上安放的則是八位祖先神主，還有東西配殿用來(lái)存放從祀神位。而皇穹宇三個(gè)字也分別代表了至高無(wú)上，天，宇宙的意思，更加顯示出它的神圣和至尊。
它是一座建筑藝術(shù)價(jià)值非常高的殿宇，總體呈圓形，下邊是高2.85米的圓形須彌座，為青白石筑成，有東南西三個(gè)方向的出陛，也就是臺(tái)階，而在南向出陛還有二龍戲珠的丹陛石。上邊是藍(lán)色筒瓦單檐攢尖鎏金寶頂。而在殿內(nèi)還有八根檐柱和八根金柱，大殿上架沒(méi)有橫梁承托，全都是靠各類斗拱層層上疊來(lái)支撐，步步收縮，從而形成了精美的穹隆圓頂。這里邊還運(yùn)用了物理學(xué)中的杠桿原理。這組建筑不僅十分精美，而且還有回音壁和三音石，這和剛才我們說(shuō)的天心石合稱天壇三大聲學(xué)現(xiàn)象?；匾舯诰褪腔蜀酚畹耐鈮Γ瑖鷫ㄔ斓哪ゴu對(duì)縫，十分的平滑，是很好的聲音載體，可以傳聲，在傳遞途中對(duì)聲音損失極小，只要對(duì)著墻說(shuō)話，就算相隔四五十米，見(jiàn)不到面，都可以清晰的聽(tīng)到對(duì)方說(shuō)話。而三音石則是皇穹宇大殿正前方的三塊石頭，您站在第一塊石頭上拍手可以聽(tīng)到一次回音，第二塊石頭可以聽(tīng)到兩次，而第三塊就可以聽(tīng)到三次回音，所以稱為三音石。在后來(lái)也有人把它叫做三才石，取天地人三才的意思。
也許您剛才就已經(jīng)注意到了，天壇有非常多的柏樹(shù)，不錯(cuò)，它就好像北京一個(gè)天然的氧吧。而在這許多古柏當(dāng)中，有一株500余歲的檜柏，就是回音壁西墻外的這棵九龍柏。它的樹(shù)干紋理非常的奇特，布滿了溝壑，而且旋轉(zhuǎn)扭曲，好像9條蟠龍纏繞嬉戲，所以叫它九龍柏真是一點(diǎn)也不過(guò)分。
謝謝大家，如有不妥之處，還望見(jiàn)諒。
天壇英文導(dǎo)游詞
(inside the south gate of the temple of heaven)
ladies and gentlemen:
welcome to the temple of heaven. (after self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of china. there are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad. all in all ，there are 12 million visitors very year. now we are going to go along the route that leads to the alter. it will take roughly one hour. mind you ，the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the god of heaven.
(along the southern sacred road leading to the circular mound altar)
the largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to heaven ，the temple of heaven served as an exclusive altar for chinese monarchs during the ming and qing dynasties. it was decreed that rulers of successive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship heaven and pray for good harvest. but why ?
the ancient chinese believed that heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind ，and thus worshiping rites dedicated to heaven came into being.
the heaven the ancient chinese referred to was actually the universe， or nature. in those days， there were specfic rites of worship. this was especially true during the ming and qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.
the temple of heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of emperor youngle of the ming dynasty. situated in the southern part of the city ，this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares. to better symbolize heaven and earth ，the northern part of the temple is circular while the southern part is square .the whole compound is enclosed by two walls， a square wall outside a round one. the outer area is characterized by suburban scenery， while the inner part is used for sacrifices. the inner enclosure consists of the hall of prayer for good harvest and the circular mound altar.
(along the imperial passage leading from the southern lattice star gate in front of the circular mound altar)
the circular mound altar is enclosed by two walls ，each containing four groups of southern lattice star gate， each in turn consisting of three doors， with 24 marble doors altogether. standing on the passage facing north， you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. this reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs， while the narrower one was used by courtiers.
on the day of the ceremony ，the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. he ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the alter.
(atop the circular mound alter)
we are now on the top terrace of the
altar， or the third terrace .each terrace has a flight of 9 steps. at the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps. at the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone. the number of stones in the first ring is 9， in the second ，18， up to 81 in the 9th ring. even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiplee of 9. but why?
according to ancient chinese philosophy， yin and yang were two opposing factors. heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the earth and even numbers belonged to yin. nine was the largest heavenly number accessible to man . what is more， the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.
once more look at the round stone in the center. the upper terrace is nine zhang (a chinese unit of length， one zhang equals 3.3 meters ) in circumference ，while the middle is 15 zhang， the lower， 21 zhang. classified as yang numbers， the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized success. what is more， by applying the concept of odd numbers and strengthening nine and its multiples， the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized . the concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings.
now i will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the inter solstice. the memorial tablet dedicated to heaven would be set up on the north side of the terrace， while tablets dedicated to the emperor `s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks. the service would begin around 4 o` clock in the morning. all of the lanterns would be lit .in the foreground， a sacrificial calf is being barbecued. on the square in front of the altar， the emperor， under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers， princes of royal blood ，musicians， dancers and uniformed soldiers， would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of heaven. when the service drew to a close ，the sacrifice offered in front of the memorial tablets would be incinerated .all of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing god off .music and dancing would follow .in the end ，the emperor would return to the forbidden city secure in the belief that he would be blessed and protected by heaven until the next winter solstice.
it is interesting to note that ，the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major importance ，since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer. the stone ，which is known as the god`s heart stone， is peculiar in that it is characterized by a specific acoustic phenomenon: it made the emperor` s voice clearer and louder， thus adding to the mystic atmosphere of the service .you can try this out by yourself. (proceed northward to pass through the lattice stargate)
(in front of the gate of glazed tiles)
this structure is known as heaven` s storehouse. it is entered through the gate of glazed tiles. the roofing ，beams， and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks. this is the only structure of its kind in china today .
the heaven` s storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept. douglas hurd， a former british foreigh secretary ，once said ， “god attends to his affairs on the cir4cular mound altar but stays here. ” now let` s go in to to see it (go through the left side door)
(in the courtyard of heaven` s storehouse)
this is the imperial vault of heaven， the main structure of heaven` s storehouse. it was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter. the structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball ，and carved wooden doors and windows. it is decorated with colored paintings. founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace ，the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entrance.. the ramp is carved in “two dragons playing with a pearl ” design in relief. we will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.
(on the marble terrace of the main hall)
the arch of the hall is buttressed by 16 giant pillars on two rings. on top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caisson ，or covered ceiling .the ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design. the 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses.
to the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal. atop it ，up a wooden flight of 9 steps， is where the major tablet dedicate to heaven was enshrined. on each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the qing emperors. in the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the qing emperors. in the annex halls in the courtyard， there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun， moon ，constellation， cloud ，rain， wind and thunder.
(echo wall and triple –sound stones)
aside from exquisitely laid out architectures， heaven` s storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features， i. e. the echo wall and the triple- sound stone. a mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side， although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart. this is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth ，solid bricks.
in front of the steps leading away from the halls is the triple sound stone. if you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands， the sound will echo once; on the second stone， the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone， the sound will repeat three times. hence the name. (go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path nor thward)
(nine-dragon cypress)
the temple of heaven is also famous for its cypress trees-there are more than 60，000 cypress trees in all ，among which over 4，000 are more than one hundred years old ，adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .this tall cypress was planted more than 500 years ago. its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the nine-dragon cypress. it is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs. now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.
(in the south of chengzhen gate)
now we are back again on the central axis. this brick-arched gate is known as chengzhen (adopting fidelity) .this gate is the northern gate of the circular mound altar and the hall of prayer for good harvest. the hall of prayer for good harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis. it was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.
(on the red stairway bridge)
entering the hall of prayer for good harvest， we set foot on a raised passage 360 meters long， which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall. this broad north-south walkway， called danbiqiao (red stairway bridge)， connects the two sets of main building in the temple of heaven and constitutes a single axis.
the passage is divided into left， control and right paths by the cross arrangement of slabs. the central and the widest path is known as heavenly thoroughfare ， which was reserved exclusively for god; nobody， including the emperor， was allowed to set foot onto it . the emperor used the path on the east ，which is known as the imperial walk. the ministers and princes used the one on the west .interesting enough ，there is no walkway left for ordinary people. this is because the temple of heaven used to be off-limits to them.
contrary to appearances， this walkway is not a bridge at all . but how so ? this road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep. the cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice. all in all ，it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in beijing.
looking back at the thoroughfare， you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end. as people approach the architectural group of the hall of prayer for good harvest， the flanking groves of cypress recede and perspective widens. here you are in heaven.
(costume-changing terrace)
the marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai， or costumechanging terrace. it is located to the east of the red stairway bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .it has marble slab balustrades. the day before the service ，officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes. after the service， the emperor would return to the tentand change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace. (proceed to the south gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest)
(at the gate of prayer for good harvest)
this structure is called the gate of pray for good harvest. we can catch a slight glimpse of the central building ，the hall of prayer for good harvest， though the colonnade of the gate. a gigantic and lofty group of buildings， the complex includes the gate of prayer for good harvest， the hall of prayer for good harvest， eastern and western annex halls ，the huanqian (imperial heaven) long corridor， heaven kitchen， slaughterhouse， etc.
the annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace ，to set off the loftiness and magnificence of the main hall .this unique building ，38 meters in height， is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball. the roofing is made of blue glazed tiles， the color of the sky .underneath the roof， the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings. the base of the structure is a triple-tiered， circular marble terrace. at a distance， the terrace looks like a gigantic， spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it .
today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of beijing， which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.
(at the base of the hall of prayer for good harvest)
the base of the hall is a triple-tiered， circular marble terrace， which is 90 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height ，covering a space of 4，000 square meters. meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure. in the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs， there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud， dragon and phoenix designs. to set off the ramps， the top of the balustrades and downpipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls. in southern part of each tier， a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed. sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.
(in front of the hall of prayer for good harvest)
climbing up this marble terrace， we see the main hall ，a masterpiece of ancient china. looking up you will see the caisson， or covered ceiling， characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes. in and out ， the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.
without the use of steel ，cement and nail， and even without the use of big beams and crossbeams， the entire structure is supported by 28 massive wooden pillars and number of bars， laths， joints and rafters. the four central pillars， called the dragon-well pillars， are 19.2 meters high and painted with designs of composite followers， representing the four season. there are two rings of 12 scarlet pillars each. the inner ring represents the 12 months and the outer rings the 12 divisions of the day and night .between the two rings there are 24 partitioned spaces to mark the solar terms of the chinese lunar year. the pillars， 28 in number， also represent the 28 constellations in the universe- the ancient chinese believed that there were 28 constellations that made up the sky.
the center of the stone-paved floor is a round marble slab， which is 88.5 centimeters in diameter. interestingly， the slab features natural black and white veins， corresponding to the dragon-phoenix design on the ceiling. this particular slab is known as the dragon-phoenix stone and is regarded as a treasure inseparable from the hall.
the furnishings within the hall are placed in their original positions dating back to when emperor xianfeng ruled .in the forefront and above the throne are enshrined tablets in commemoration of heaven. on either table on each side tablets of the emperor` s ancestors were placed. each tablet is fronted by an altar. a total of 24 kinds of offering were made on it ，including soup， wine， assorted cereals， and a calf.
the sacrificial rites were observed in the wee hours of the morning， sometime in the first month of the chinese lunar year. because it was still dark， candles， lanterns and torches were lit. this lighting coupled with the incense being burnt inside the hall ，helped make the ceremony both grand and mystical.
by the time the service began，207 musicians and dancers would be performing on platforms outside the hall. the emperor， in his blue sacrificial robe and with an air of piety and sincerity， would walk slowly into the hall， kowtow， and offer wine and prayer in hornor of the deities and his ancestors. all of the offerings would then be taken to incinerators on the eastern side of the gate of prayer for good harvest. with this we conclude our visit to the temper of heaven. the feudal monarchs and their sacrificial rites have long vanished in history .however， this group of magnificent and lofty structures remain as a fine testament of the ancient chinese` s ingenuity and as one of the cultural heritages of mankind.
(on the long corridor)
from the eastern gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest， we have now enter a 300-meter-long corridor. consisting of 72 sections， this corridor served as a connecting building between the slaughterhouse. heaven kitchen， and the main hall ，it is said that this once served as a sacrificial food production line. flanking the corridor are shopping stalls. you may find some souvenirs for your family and friend there.
well ，that is all for this tour. thank you for your attention. i look forward to your next visit. good luck and bon voyage.
第2篇 故宮雙語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞
故宮雙語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞范文1：故宮英文導(dǎo)游詞
lying at the center of beijing， the forbidden city， called gu gong， in chinese， was the imperial palace during the ming and qing dynasties. now known as the palace museum， it is to the north of tiananmen square. rectangular in shape， it is the world‘s largest palace complex and covers 74 hectares. surrounded by a six meter deep moat and a ten meter high wall are 9，999 buildings. the wall has a gate on each side. opposite the tiananmen gate， to the north is the gate of devine might (shenwumen)， which faces jingshan park. the distance between these two gates is 960 meters， while the distance between the gates in the east and west walls is 750 meters. there are unique and delicately structured towers on each of the four corners of the curtain wall. these afford views over both the palace and the city outside. the forbidden city is divided into two parts. the southern section， or the outer court was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. the northern section， or the inner court was where he lived with his royal family. until 1924 when the last emperor of china was driven from the inner court， fourteen emperors of the ming dynasty and ten emperors of the qing dynasty had reigned here. having been the imperial palace for some five centuries， it houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site in 1987， the palace museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions world wide.
construction of the palace complex began in 1407， the 5th year of the yongle reign of the third emperor of the ming dynasty. it was completed fourteen years later in 1420. it was said that a million workers including one hundred thousand artisans were driven into the long-term hard labor. stone needed was quarried from fangshan， a suburb of beijing. it was said a well was dug every fifty meters along the road in order to pour water onto the road in winter to slide huge stones on ice into the city. huge amounts of timber and other materials were freighted from faraway provinces. ancient chinese people displayed their very considerable skills in building the forbidden city. take the grand red city wall for example. it has an 8.6 meters wide base reducing to 6.66 meters wide at the top. the angular shape of the wall totally frustrates attempts to climb it. the bricks were made from white lime and glutinous rice while the cement is made from glutinous rice and egg whites. these incredible materials make the wall extraordinarily strong.
since yellow is the symbol of the royal family， it is the dominant color in the forbidden city. roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles; decorations in the palace are painted yellow; even the bricks on the ground are made yellow by a special process. however， there is one exception. wenyuange， the royal library， has a black roof. the reason is that it was believed black represented water then and could extinguish fire.
nowadays， the forbidden city， or the palace museum is open to tourists from home and abroad. splendid painted decoration on these royal architectural wonders， the grand and deluxe halls， with their surprisingly magnificent treasures will certainly satisfy 'modern civilians'.
故宮雙語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞范文2：故宮中文導(dǎo)游詞
各位游客大家好啊!我姓金。大家可以叫我導(dǎo)或金同學(xué)都沒(méi)關(guān)系，我很榮幸能夠帶領(lǐng)大家去故宮旅游。希望大家能夠聽(tīng)我對(duì)故宮的解說(shuō)。
我們現(xiàn)在要去故宮了。故宮可是世界文化的遺產(chǎn)。我們要注意的事項(xiàng)：不能帶火種，不能帶危險(xiǎn)物品：如小刀，剪刀等危險(xiǎn)物品。不能有亂扔垃圾，亂涂亂畫(huà)等不文明的事情。
現(xiàn)在展現(xiàn)在我們面前氣勢(shì)宏偉的古代人民的建筑——故宮，故宮又稱紫禁城。故宮的大門是南為午門也就是故宮的正門，北為神武門，東為東華門，西為西華門，這宮墻四門的角樓都是風(fēng)格獨(dú)特，造型絢麗的。故宮的石墻上有龍的雕刻，有雙龍戲珠，龍騰
虎躍，龍飛鳳舞等美麗的圖案。全殿面闊11間，進(jìn)深5間，外有廊柱，殿內(nèi)外共立72根大柱。殿高35米，殿內(nèi)凈空高達(dá)14米，寬63米，面積2377平方米，為全國(guó)最大的木結(jié)構(gòu)大殿。我再給大家介紹介紹其他的宮殿吧!
現(xiàn)在大家來(lái)到的是保和殿。保和殿是皇帝宴請(qǐng)外藩王公，貴族和京中文武大臣 之處。你們知道乾清宮嗎?不知道也沒(méi)關(guān)系，現(xiàn)在我告訴大家乾清宮是明清皇帝居住和處理政務(wù)的地方。你們看過(guò)'還珠格格'這部電視劇嗎?它就是在故宮拍的。
規(guī)劃嚴(yán)整，氣魄宏偉，壯觀美麗，這就是我國(guó)的故宮。現(xiàn)在大家可以自由參觀了。
第3篇 “桂林漓江”中英雙語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞
漓江，屬珠江流域西江水系，為支流桂江上游河段的通稱，位于廣西壯族自治區(qū)東北部。以下是桂林漓江中英雙語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞，歡迎閱讀，希望能幫到您!
lijiang river in guilin
(桂林漓江)
hello! ladies and gentlemen!now, we reach guangxis most famous scenic spot and hottest tourist destination. i hope youll enjoy it and have a chance to relax here.
now, let me introduce guilins water system to you. it consists of two rivers and four lakes. two rivers are the lijiang and taohua rivers, while the four lakes are ronghu, shanhu, guihu, and mulong lakes. together these bodies of water form the guilin water systems dream tour. this tour and construction of the water system began during the tang dynasty and was popular in song dynasty. during these periods, there were many lakes and ponds scattered throughout guilin. the citys water system was thus highly developed. people could get to and enjoy all the well-known scenic spots by a small boat.
however, with the passage of time, the two rivers and four lakeswere cut off from one another and guilins water system became fragmented and the water quality worsened. in 1998, the municipal party committee and the municipal administration carried out the two rivers and four lakesproject. this involved connecting the rivers and lakes, cleaning out their water, particularly removing the silt and dirt, drawing water into lakes, making the hills and surrounding landscape greener, building the roads and bridges, and improving the cultural attractions. this project has not only rebuilt and expanded guilins old water system, but also improved the ecological environment of the central city and boosted its appearance and quality of life. for example, pleasure boats can once again be seen sailing on the waters within the city. this recreational landscape is one of the best in china and can be compared with other famous so-called water cities, including venice and amsterdam with their canals and paris with its seine river.
as you can see, lijiang river is guilins quintessential landscape. its water quality is also better than that of most chinese rivers that flow through major cities. it is part of the pearl river system and originates from the first peaks of southern china， the maoer mountain. the 83-kilometer waterway from guilin to yangshuo is known as the golden waterway and is a must see for chinese and foreign tourists visiting guilin. throughout human history numerous men of letters from very different countries have written memorable prose regarding the lijiang river and its surrounding scenerys enchanting beauty. the tang dynasty poet, han yu, once praised the picturesque and poetic lijiang river by writing that the river is like a blue silk ribbon and the hills are like green jade hairpins .
from guilin to yangshuo, the prominent landforms are karst hoodoo peak clusters. the river flows around these mountains to form valleys. the scenery is the best in caoping, yangdi and xingping. there are beautiful scenes of nine horses fresco hill, yellow cloth reflection, and half side ferry. the lijiang landscapes appearance varies at different times of the year, from different viewpoints, and during different climates. on sunny days, the sky and river are a vast bright green world with no bounds between them; the thousand peaks and hills will provide a visual feast for your eyes. and on foggy days, the water is wreathed in mist, with the fog constantly disappearing and reappearing. on moonlit nights, the hills are clear as if theyve been washed, while the river and its ripples are so green.
in the river section in guilin, the valley is open, famous hills like wave-taming, piled silk, elephant, tunnel, and pagoda hills stand erect from the ground, and the cliffs are so steep that they seem to have been cut by a sword. so one of lijiangs major features is indeed green hills, clear water, fantastic caves and charming rocks。 every scene of the hundred-mile lijiang river is a typical chinese ink painting.
女士們、先生們，大家好!現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)到了最負(fù)盛名的漓江風(fēng)景區(qū)。漓江是時(shí)下一個(gè)很熱門的旅游目的地，我希望大家里能夠得到充分的放松。能喜歡這里的風(fēng)景，在這
首先，讓我介紹一下桂林的水系。桂林水系由兩江四湖組成。兩江四湖是指由漓江、桃花江與溶湖、杉湖、桂湖、木龍湖所構(gòu)成的環(huán)城水系。桂林的水上游覽興于唐，盛于宋，當(dāng)時(shí)的桂林城湖塘密布，水系發(fā)達(dá)，乘一葉小舟就可以盡覽城中諸多的風(fēng)景名勝。
但是隨著時(shí)代變遷，兩江四湖水道隔斷，環(huán)城水系支離破碎，水質(zhì)惡化。1998年，廣西市委、市政府實(shí)施了兩江四湖工程，通過(guò)連江接湖、顯山露水、清淤截污、引水入湖、修路架橋、綠化美化、文化建設(shè)等工程，不僅恢復(fù)、拓展了桂林的古環(huán)城水系，改善了市中心的生態(tài)環(huán)境，提高了城市的檔次與品位，而且游船重新進(jìn)入了市區(qū)水域，形成了能與威尼斯水城、巴黎塞納河以及阿姆斯特丹運(yùn)河相媲美的獨(dú)特的市區(qū)水上游景觀，堪稱中國(guó)一絕。
大家都知道，漓江是桂林山水的精華，是中國(guó)流經(jīng)城市水質(zhì)最好的河流之一，屬珠江水系，發(fā)源于華南第一峰貓兒山。從桂林到陽(yáng)朔約83公里的水程，被稱為黃金水道，是中外游客必游的桂林景區(qū)。古今中外，不知多少文人騷客為漓江的綺麗風(fēng)光寫下了膾炙人口的優(yōu)美詩(shī)文。唐代大詩(shī)人韓愈曾以江作青羅帶，山如碧玉簪的詩(shī)句來(lái)贊美這條如詩(shī)似畫(huà)的漓江。
桂林至陽(yáng)朔，是巖溶峰林峰叢地貌，河流依山而轉(zhuǎn)，形成峽谷，尤以草坪、楊堤、興坪為佳，有九馬畫(huà)山、黃布倒影、半邊渡等美景。漓江景觀因時(shí)、因角度、因氣候不同而變化。晴朗天時(shí)，上下天光一碧萬(wàn)頃，千巒百嶂盡收眼底。煙雨之日，嵐霧繚繞若隱若現(xiàn)，若斷若續(xù)。明月之夜，群峰如洗，江波如練。
漓江桂林段，河谷開(kāi)闊，兩岸名山如伏波山、疊彩山、象山、穿山、塔山平地拔起，四壁如削。漓江的一大特點(diǎn)是山青、水秀、洞奇、石美。百里漓江的每一處景致，都是一幅典型的中國(guó)水墨畫(huà)。
第4篇 張學(xué)良故居導(dǎo)游詞【中俄雙語(yǔ)】
張學(xué)良故居坐落法租界32號(hào)路(今和平區(qū)赤峰道78號(hào))，是一所西洋集仿式樓房。張氏在二、三十年代來(lái)津常住此處。下面是由小編為大家?guī)?lái)的關(guān)于中俄雙語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞：遼寧沈陽(yáng)張學(xué)良故居，希望能夠幫到您!
中俄雙語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞：遼寧沈陽(yáng)張學(xué)良故居
бывшая резиденция чжан сюэляна была открыта для публичного доступа 1 августа 2003 года в г. шеньян, пров. ляонин. дом чжана, резиденция главнокомандующего, в начале 20-го века был политическим и военным центом северо-востока китая. усадьба, состоящая из нескольких зданий и сада, была построена в 1914 году. она является классическим примером смешения китайской архитектуры и западного стиля. чжан сюэлян (1901-2001) стал самой влиятельной персоной на северо-востоке китая после того, как 4 июня 1928 года был предаельски убит японцами его отец чжан цзолинь (1875-1928). он пережил трудные времена, объявив о поддержке чан кайши, лидера гоминьдан, и участвовав в организации сианьского инцидента 1936 года. инцидент произошел, когда чан и генерал ян хучен (1893-1949) взяли в плен чан кайши (1887-1975) 12 декабря 1936 года, потребовав от него положить конец гражданской войне и объединиться с коммунистической партией для борьбы против японской агрессии. чан кайши был освобожден живым и невредимым после переговоров, в которых решающую роль сыграл бывший премьер чжоу энлай (1898-1976). однако, чжан был схвачен чан кайши и провел десятилетия под домашним арестом на тайване при контроле гоминьдан.
張學(xué)良故居于2003年8月1日在遼寧沈陽(yáng)開(kāi)放，接受公眾參觀。張學(xué)良的家，是20世紀(jì)初控制中國(guó)東北政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)的首席居住地。故居包括一些建筑物和園林，始建于1914年。故居是中西建筑風(fēng)格混合的典型范例。1928年6月4日奸詐的日本人害死了張學(xué)良的父親張作霖(1875年至1928年)之后，張學(xué)良(1901至2001年)成為中國(guó)東北最有影響力的人。他在艱難的時(shí)刻，宣布支援國(guó)民黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人蔣介石，并于1936年參與組織了西安事變。1936年12月12日事件發(fā)生時(shí)，張學(xué)良和楊虎城將軍(1893-1949)扣留了蔣介石(1887-1975)，要求他結(jié)束內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，團(tuán)結(jié)共產(chǎn)黨反對(duì)日本的侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。經(jīng)過(guò)談判，在前總理周恩來(lái)(1898-1976)的努力下，蔣介石被毫發(fā)無(wú)傷的釋放了。然而，張學(xué)良被逮捕并在蔣介石和臺(tái)灣的國(guó)民黨的控制下被軟禁了幾十年。
усадьба, площадь которой 160 000 кв м, состоит из двух частей: восточного и западного двора. главный дом состоит из двух черных зданий: маленького и большого, одно из которых построено для мисс чжао сы. большее из двух черных зданий сейчас является музеем. оно было свидетелем многих важных исторических событий, например, решение чжана поменять флаг и захватить чан кайши, а также убийство сторонников его отца, ян ютина и чан инькуя. особняк служил ляонинским провинциальным музеем до 1988 года, когда усадьба чжан был внесен в список культурных ценностей под защитой администрации провинции. спонсируемая администрацией шеньяна, реставрация усадьбы началась в 2001 году стоимостью 60 миллионов юаней (7 миллионов долларов сша). персонал музея объездил весь уезд в поисках утерянных предметов: от телефонов до фотографии. а также пригласили бывших камергера и прислугу дома генерала чжана помочь восстановить первоначальный облик дома.
故居面積16萬(wàn)平方米，分為東、西兩院。主屋是由兩棟黑色建筑：一小一大，其中一棟是專為趙四小姐準(zhǔn)備的。其中較大的一棟現(xiàn)在是博物館。它見(jiàn)證了許多重大歷史事件，如張學(xué)良改旗易幟和扣押蔣介石的決定，以及殺害父親生前要員楊宇霆、常蔭懷。在1988年，遼寧省人民政府將故居列為省級(jí)文物保護(hù)單位，該豪宅成為遼寧省博物館。聯(lián)合沈陽(yáng)市，故居的恢復(fù)開(kāi)始于2001年，費(fèi)用為6000萬(wàn)元人民幣(700萬(wàn)美元)。博物館的工作人員已前往該縣在尋找丟失的物品，從電話到照片。同時(shí)還邀請(qǐng)張學(xué)良的前管家和仆人來(lái)幫助恢復(fù)房子的原來(lái)外觀。
отдел культуры провинции ляонин потратил еще 19 миллионов юаней (2.3 миллиона долларов сша) демонтировать окружающие дома и другие неуместные здания вокруг усадьбы.
遼寧省文化廳，花費(fèi)了1900萬(wàn)元(230萬(wàn)美元)，來(lái)拆除周圍的房屋和其他不適當(dāng)?shù)慕ㄖ铩?/p>
第5篇 商丘古城游覽區(qū)雙語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞
the ancient city of shangqiu is currently well-preserved, historical and cultural city in the national-level, which is located in the suiyang district, the southern part of shangqiu. (商丘古城位于商丘市區(qū)的南部、睢陽(yáng)區(qū)境內(nèi)，是我國(guó)目前保持基本完好的國(guó)家級(jí)歷史文化名城。)the application of chinese traditional geomancy ([?d?i(:)?umænsi]風(fēng)水)theory to the exceptional design of the ancient city of shangqiu forms three main features, that is, the eight diagrams(八卦) city, the watery city and city piles up city, as well as the trinity([?tr?n?t?]三位一體)of inner city, city lake and city walls. (它按照古代風(fēng)水理論修建，具有八卦城、水上城和城摞城三大特點(diǎn)，內(nèi)城、城湖、城郭三位一體)the unique([ju:?ni:k]獨(dú)特的) style of architecture([?ɑ:kitekt??] 建筑)can be reputed([r??pju:t] )the model of ancient city in china. (在國(guó)內(nèi)獨(dú)一無(wú)二，堪稱中國(guó)古城池的典范之作。)it is built in the period of zhengde of ming dynasty( [?dain?sti] 朝代)since 500 years ago.(此城建于明朝正德年間，距今近5xx年。)
the main tourism area of the ancient city are historical sites, which combines human landscape with natural scenery.(古城旅游區(qū)人文景觀與自然勝景兼具，是一個(gè)以名勝古跡為主體的旅游區(qū)。) in the culture area, we can experience the charms of the ming and qing dynasties, visit zhuanghui hall-the former residence of hou fangyu, who is a genius in the late ming dynasty, and pursuit his moving love story with li xiangjun, who is a beauty in the qinhuai area.(古城文化區(qū)，我們一起去體驗(yàn)明清古韻，游覽明
末才子侯方域的故居——壯悔堂，去追尋他與秦淮名妓李香君纏綿悱惻的愛(ài)情故事。) in the south lake resorts, we can enjoy 4000 acres' city moat(護(hù)
城河) tour, visit the ancestral temple of zhangxun together with tasting the melancholy of defeating 130 thousand people with thousands soldiers in protecting suiyang district, and appreciate the calligraphy materials of yan zhenqing-the famous calligrapher of tang dynasty in the baguan study, then take a look at the yingtian academy that is classified the top of the four college academies in the north song dynasty. (在南湖休閑度
假區(qū)，我們將看到4000畝的護(hù)城河水面，游覽張巡祠，去品味以區(qū)區(qū)數(shù)千之眾殺敵13萬(wàn)的睢陽(yáng)保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)的悲壯，去八關(guān)齋欣賞唐代書(shū)法家顏真卿的墨寶，去看一看北宋四大書(shū)院之首的應(yīng)天書(shū)院。)
there is a broad and beautiful city moat around the inner city, owning over ten li in length and about one li in width, which looks like a jade belt to circle the city all around. (環(huán)內(nèi)城一周有寬廣美麗的護(hù)城河，長(zhǎng)達(dá)十余華里，寬約一華里，像一條玉帶繞城四周。)ten thousand acres'([?eik?]畝) lake water is clear enough to see the bottom and ripples the waves.(萬(wàn)畝湖水清澈見(jiàn)底，碧波蕩漾) in the turn of spring and summer, the willow dances in the breeze and shares the shade(春夏之交，楊柳依依，芳草萋萋); the waterfowl ([?w?:t??fa?l]水鳥(niǎo))sings joyfully(水鳥(niǎo)歡唱); the pampas([?pæmp?s] 蒲葦)grass sways in the wind(蒲葦搖曳); the lotus smells sweet(荷花飄香). how wonderful and interesting it would be if you can look up at the attractive scenery of the ancient city, and look down at the lively fish swimming in the river, then talking about the past and today.(倘若駕扁舟，仰觀古城風(fēng)光，俯察水中游魚(yú)，談古論今，更令人觸景生情，無(wú)限愜意)the little island that stands alone in the center of the water, just like a slim, lovely and graceful fairy(水中小島，超然獨(dú)上，景色秀麗，如水中仙子，亭亭玉立，含情脈脈，令人心曠神怡). it is more likely to imagine a lot and to be a slave of pleasure if you step on the top of the ancient city, overlooking all the scenic([?si:n?k]景點(diǎn)) spots.(倘若登城眺望，諸多名勝盡收眼底，更讓人浮想聯(lián)翩，樂(lè)而忘返。)
the exterior of ancient city is in the circle shape, while mouth shape in the interior. he whole shape is like an ancient copper coin. the shape of 93 streets is like a checkerboard. the topography ([t??p?gr?fi:]地形) of inner city is in the shape of turtle's back , high in the middle and low in the vicinity([vi?siniti]附近), and slightly inclining to the south(全城外圓內(nèi)
方、形如古銅錢，九十三條街道形如棋盤，內(nèi)城地勢(shì)呈龜背狀，中間高，四周低，略向南傾斜。) overlooking the entire city, you can find the building
group of gate towers and courtyard houses(建筑多為走馬門樓和四合院建筑群). from the period of jiajing in the ming dynasty to the early qing dynasty, there emerges two prime ministers, five ministers and more than ten assistant ministers, grand coordinators, the troop commander, the renowned writer, and so on. therefore, the architectures of official residence is quite a lot. (明嘉靖以后至清初，城內(nèi)出過(guò)兩位大學(xué)士(宰相)、
五位尚書(shū)以及十幾位侍郎、巡撫、御使、總兵、著名文人，因此，官府、官宅建筑頗多。)
the ancient city of shangqiu entails long-standing history and magnificent culture. (商丘古城，歷史悠久，文化燦爛)'shangqiu, suiyang, the country song, nanjing and guide prefecture([?pri:fekt?u?] 府) ' are different names in the different periods in the history of shangqiu, as if pouring out its long and brilliant history(“商
丘”、 “睢陽(yáng)”、“宋國(guó)” 、 “南京”、“歸德府”，這些商丘歷史上不同時(shí)期的名稱，仿佛都在向人們?cè)V說(shuō)著它悠久輝煌的歷史。). as early as 1986, the
ancient city of shangqiu was named as national historical and cultural city by the state council(商丘古城，早在1986年就被國(guó)務(wù)院命名為國(guó)家歷史文化名城). in 1996, the city walls of guide prefecture was awarded the reputation of the national cultural relic protection units, and one of thekey tourism areas in henan province(1996年歸德府城墻又被評(píng)為國(guó)家重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位，河南省重點(diǎn)旅游景區(qū)之一). the ancient city of shangqiu as if a shinning pearl at the cross of the longhai and jingjiu lines(是隴海和京九線上的一顆璀璨的明珠).
